Term | Definition | Usage of Term |
Abstain
棄權 |
代表可以在對文件進行投票時,選擇棄權 | “Any delegates wishing to abstain please raise your placards high.” |
Ad Hoc
特設 |
在這些委員會中的代表不需事先寫好一個完整的決議草書,但要先寫好自己的理想條款。在會議當中僅在條款上做辯論,而非像一般委員會要對整個決議草書作辯論
(ex. Security Council, APQ) |
“This is my first time participating in an Ad Hoc committee!” |
Adjourn
休會 |
(通常用於最後一天,議程結束後)此提議代表要將會議整體結束 | “Motion to adjourn meeting.” |
Admin Staff
傳信員 |
在委員會中負責協助主席團的人稱之為傳信員。最主要的任務是要幫代表們傳紙條 | “The pages will pass the notes for the delegates.” |
Background Guide/Chair Report
背景指南 |
一個含有與議題相關的指南,主要功能是協助代表深入了解將在會議上討論的議題及會議進行的方向 | “The background guide should provide delegates information on the topic.” |
Bloc
聯盟 |
由各成員國所組成的小聯盟 | “Several blocs had formed during the second session.” |
Chair
主席 |
負責主持會議的人 | “The Chair would suggest delegates to share their thoughts through means of speech.” |
Co-submitters
覆議國 |
一份決議草書的支持國 | “A number of X signatories must be acquired for a draft resolution for the document to be valid.” |
Delegate
代表 |
在會議中代表某一成員國、觀察國、組織的學生 | “The Delegate of Germany motions for a unmoderated caucus.” |
Delegation
代表團 |
在會議中代表某一成員國、觀察國、組織的總人口 | “This Delegation believes that draft resolution 1.1 is beneficial to all nations.” |
Draft Resolution
決議文書 |
一個含有解決議題方案的文書,由各個委員會的聯盟所起草;內容分為兩部分:前言條款與執行條款 | “Our bloc’s resolution is comprehensive and feasible.” |
Expert Chair
專業主席 |
歐式議規的會議通常會有兩個議題要討論;主席們會分工,不同主題遊不同人寫。負責寫其中一個主題的主席即稱為那個主題的專業主席 | “Hello delegates! I am the expert chair for issue number one.” |
First Degree Amendment
第一等級修正案 |
修改(包含增加、刪除、修改)一份草議決書中的條款的行為稱之為第一級修正案 | “This delegate has submitted an amendment to the first degree.” |
Gavel
議事槌 |
主席用來控制委員會局面的小木槌 | “The chair will bang the gavel once at 45 seconds and twice at 1 minute.” |
Head Delegate/ Ambassador
代表負責人 |
負責一代表團(一個學校)的學生。通常會由代表團中最有經驗的代表擔任 | “May the head delegates please approach the podium.” |
Main Submitter
主提交者 |
通常是領導一聯盟的代表;在遊說期間主導討論,並且草擬大部份的條款。此為代表需在決議草書被正式介紹到場上時上台唸出所有的執行條款,並且為此決議草書作第一個發言 | “May the main submitter of this resolution please approach the podium and read out the operative clauses.” |
Member State
成員國 |
經大會及軍事委員會核准加入的聯合國成員國 | Currently, there are currently 193 member states in the United Nations. |
Motion
動議 |
動議可以由場上的任何代表提出,被提出後將會投票表決此動議是否通過。動議的類型有很多,各個的功能也不同。 | “Delegates may move for motions and they will be voted upon.” |
Note Passing
傳紙條 |
在會議中透過傳信員傳紙條的過程。代表可以傳紙條給其他的代表或者主席們。但紙條經常會被主席攔截檢查是否有不恰當的內容。 | “Is note passing in order during this session?” |
Observer
觀察國 |
觀察國的權利和一般代表頗相似:可以發言、可以提動議…等;最大不同的地方在於不能針對文件進行投票 | “Permanent observers of the UN include the Holy See and Palestine.” |
On the floor
場下 |
場下即是「全場」的意思。主席經常會問 “Are there any points or motions on the floor?” 即是問 「場下有任何的問題或者動議嗎?」 | “Are there any points or motions on the floor?” |
Operative Clauses
執行條款 |
在決議草案中針對議題有實際行動的條款 | “Please read out the operative clauses of the draft resolution.” |
Placard
國家牌 |
代表個體的牌子。在會議中會舉此牌子就好比我們一般生活中舉手的意思 | “Delegates that wish to be added to the general speaker’s list, please raise your placards high.” |
Point
問題 |
在會議中若有任何讓代表有疑惑的事、物,代表都可以對主席提出問題。問題分成三種:Point of personal privilege 是在於對個人權利有疑問時使用,Point of parliamentary inquiry 在於對議式規則有疑惑時使用,Point of order 在覺得主席主持會議不周時使用 | “Point of personal privilege: could the delegate of Russian Federation please speak louder?” |
Preambulatory Clauses
前宜條款 |
在決議草書中的功能是寫出議題的前言(此議題的重要性、引響力等) | “The delegate of DPRK believes that the preambulatory clauses of this draft resolution is too repetitive.” |
Procedural Vote
程序性表決 |
在投各個動議時的投票程序稱之為程序性投票 | “Delegates, this is a procedural vote, thus meaning all delegates are required to vote on this.” |
Rights of Reply
答辯的權利 |
一位代表若覺得自己被其他代表在台上語言攻擊,可以向主席申請「答辯」的權利。若主席同意了此代表可以回辯那位代表的言論 | “Are there any rights of reply on the floor?” |
Roll Call
點名 |
在每一節會議開始時都會先進行點名。各代表在被點到名時需舉起國家牌並且回覆 “Present“ 或者 “Present and voting” | “The chair will now be taking roll call. When your delegation is called, please raise your placards and say present or present and voting.” |
Rules of Procedures
議事規則 |
在參與會議時所要遵行的規範 | “Delegates are required to follow the rule of procedures during all sessions.” |
Second
附議 |
在代表提動議後,需要由第二位代表喊出 “Second” 代表支持此動議 | “The delegate has raised a motion to suspend the meeting. Are there any seconds?” |
Second Degree Amendment
第二級修正案 |
修改(包含增加、刪除、修改)第一級修正案的條款的行為稱之為第二級修正案。此種修正案僅能在對於第一級修正案進行「反對期間」時提交 | “This delegate has submitted an amendment to the second degree.” |
Secretariat
秘書處 |
一會議中最高階的工作團體 | “We should all thank the Secretariat for their hard work in organizing the conference!” |
Secretary General
秘書長 |
一會議中的最高負責人 | “We love our Secretary General so much we bought her donuts!” |
Simple Majority
簡單多數 |
場內人數50% +1人 即為簡單多數 | “Since a simple majority has passed, this motion passes.” |
Substantive Vote
實質性表決 |
在進行文件的投票時的投票程序稱之為實質性表決 | “In the substantive vote, delegates are allowed to vote yes, no, pass or abstain.” |
Veto
否決權 |
在軍事委員會中,中國、俄羅斯、法國、英國及美國五國皆有否決權。任何一擁有否決權的國家若在對文件投票時投「否」,此份文件無條件的不通過 | “China possess veto rights. That is, it has the rights to prevent a draft resolution from passing.” |
Yield
讓渡 |
將自己的剩餘時間交給他國或者將時間交還主席,稱之為讓渡 | “This delegate would like to yield the floor to the delegate of the Republic of Korea.” |
Common phrases
Phrase | Meaning |
“Is it in order to . . .?” | …是准許的嗎? |
“It is in order to . . .” | 此項目會被准許 |
“It is not in order to . . .” | 此項目不會被准許 |
“Debate Time” | 為此次辯論所設的時間 |
“Time Constraints” | 時間限制 |
“Request for Follow up?” | 我可以再問一個問題嗎? |
“Yield the Floor” | 將時間讓渡給他人 |
“That will be Entertained” | 此項目被批准了 |
“That won’t be Entertained” | 此項目被拒絕了 |